Catchment scale research focuses on the study of watersheds or river basins as a whole, including the interactions between various components such as land use, hydrology, water quality, and ecosystems. This research area aims to understand the processes that occur within a catchment and how they are influenced by human activities and natural disturbances. Catchment scale research is important for managing water resources, predicting the impacts of land use changes, and designing effective conservation and restoration strategies. This research often involves the use of various data sources and modeling techniques to analyze and simulate the complex interactions within a catchment.